SELECT 
  id_path 
FROM 
  cscart_categories 
WHERE 
  category_id IN (
    2775, 2776, 2777, 2778, 2779, 2864, 2868, 
    2869, 2870, 2871, 2872, 2877, 2878, 
    2879, 2880, 2927, 2928, 2929, 2930, 
    2931, 2932, 2953, 3642, 3900
  )

Query time 0.00104

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_categories",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "p_category_id"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["category_id"],
      "rows": 24,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_categories.category_id in (2775,2776,2777,2778,2779,2864,2868,2869,2870,2871,2872,2877,2878,2879,2880,2927,2928,2929,2930,2931,2932,2953,3642,3900)"
    }
  }
}